Preparation of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide for NO2 detection at room temperature

In this work, the two-dimensional MoS₂ film was prepared by sulfuring the molybdenum atomic layer on SiO₂/Si substrate. The reaction temperature, heating rate, holding time and carrier gas flow rate were investigated comprehensively. The quality of MoS₂ film was characterized by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The characterization results showed that the optimum synthesis parameters were heating rate of 25 °C/min, reaction temperature of 750 °C, holding time of 30 min and carrier gas velocity of 100 sccm. The MoS₂ gas sensor was fabricated and its gas sensing performance was tested. The test results indicated that the sensor had a good response to both reducing gas (NH₃) and oxidizing gas (NO₂) at room temperature. The sensitivity to 100 ppm of NO₂ was 31.3%, and the response/recovery times were 4 s and 5 s, respectively. In addition, the limit of detection could be as low as 1 ppm. This work helps us to develop low power and integrable room temperature NO₂ sensors.     

纵横载荷作用下功能梯度梁的弯曲和过屈曲

基于一阶非线性梁理论和物理中面概念,导出了纵横向载荷作用下功能梯度材料(FGM)梁非线性弯曲和过屈曲问题的控制方程,并获得了该问题的精确解;据此解研究了梯度材料性质、外载荷、横向剪切变形以及边界条件等因素对功能梯度材料梁非线性力学行为的影响,分析中假设功能梯度材料性质只沿梁厚度方向,并按成分含量的幂指数函数形式变化。结果表明:纵横载荷共同作用下,功能梯度梁的弯曲构形将有无限多个;随着梯度指数的增大,梁的变形减小,临界载荷升高;随着长高比的增大,横向剪切变形的影响减小。     

Dynamic analysis and regulation of the flexible pipe conveying fluid with a hard-magnetic soft segment

Applied Mathematics and Mechanics - The recently developed hard-magnetic soft (HMS) materials can play a significant role in the actuation and control of medical devices, soft robots, flexible...     

Ni单原子催化剂表面CO2电还原动力学的电化学谱学解析

针对Ni单原子催化剂表面的CO₂电还原反应(CO₂RR), 提出了以Ni为活性位点的“单中心”机理以及同时借助Ni位点还原和碳氮锚定位水解的“双功能”机理. 依据稳态极化的实验结果, 开展了CO₂RR的动力学解析与模型参数的敏感性分析; 借助暂态模型方程, 分别获取可表达CO₂RR线性与非线性频响特征的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)与总谐波失真(THD)谱. 研究结果表明, CO₂的溶解分压对CO₂RR活性影响最显著. 若CO₂RR遵循“单中心”机理, Ni位点COOH_ads的形成为速率控制步骤; 但若为“双功能”机理, 碳氮锚定位的水解与Ni位点的CO_2,ads还原同为速率控制步骤. EIS理论上可用于区分CO₂RR的“单中心”机理与“双功能”机理; 与之相比, THD谱在CO₂RR的机理识别中并无优势.     

Efficient removal of As(V) from simulated arsenic-contaminated wastewater via a novel metal–organic framework material: Synthesis,structure, and response surface methodology

A novel metal–organic framework material {[N(C₂H₅)₃][Zn₂(ptmda)₂(μ₂-H₂O)]·(H₂O)_0.5}_n { GUT-3 ; H₂ptmda is 4,4′-([p-tolylazanediyl]bis [methylene])dibenzoic acid} was successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. GUT-3 has a two-dimensional network based on dinuclear [Zn₂(ptmda)₂(μ₂-H₂O)]⁻ building units which formed an eightfold interpenetration network in GUT-3 molecules. Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed that H–H, C–H, and O–H bonds accounted for the majority of intermolecular interactions. Moreover, the interactions between GUT-3 and As(V) – the form of As(V) is AsO₄³⁻ – were analyzed in aqueous solutions in a batch system to study the effect of pH, concentration, adsorbent dose, adsorption time, adsorption temperature, and shaking speed. The kinetic and isotherm data of arsenic adsorption on GUT-3 were accurately modeled by pseudo-second-order, Langmuir (q_m = 33.91 mg/g), and Freundlich models. The Box–Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the adsorption conditions of As(V) from the simulated arsenic-contaminated wastewater. The effect of various experimental parameters and optimal experimental conditions was ascertained using the quadratic model.     

Effect of polymer and ion concentration on mechanical and drug release behavior of gellan hydrogels using factorial design

Developing optimized hydrogel products requires an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms that drive hydrogel tunability. Here, we performed a full 4 × 4 factorial design study investigating the impact of gellan, a naturally derived polysaccharide (1%, 2%, 3%, or 4% w/v) and CaCl₂ concentration (1, 3, 7, or 10 mM) on the viscoelastic, swelling, and drug release behavior of gellan hydrogels containing a model drug, vancomycin. These concentrations were chosen to specifically provide insight into gellan hydrogel behavior for formulations utilizing polymer and salt concentrations expanding beyond those commonly reported by previous studies exploring gellan. With increasing gellan and CaCl₂ concentration, the hydrogel storage moduli (0.1–100 kPa) followed a power-law relationship and on average these hydrogels had higher liquid absorption capability and greater total drug release over 6 days. We suggest that the effects of gellan and CaCl₂ concentration and their interactions on hydrogel properties can be explained by various phenomena that lead to increased swelling and increased resistance to network expansion.     

The Impacts of Crystalline Structure and Different Surface Functional Groups on Drug Release and the Osseointegration Process of Nanostructured TiO2

In implantable materials, surface topography and chemistry are the most important in the effective osseointegration and interaction with drug molecules. Therefore, structural and surface modifications of nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO₂) layers are reported in the present work. In particular, the modification of annealed TiO₂ samples with —OH groups and silane derivatives, confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is shown. Moreover, the ibuprofen release process was studied regarding the desorption-desorption-diffusion (DDD) kinetic model. The results proved that the most significant impact on the release profile is annealing, and further surface modifications did not change its kinetics. Additionally, the cell adhesion and proliferation were examined based on the MTS test and immunofluorescent staining. The obtained data showed that the proposed changes in the surface chemistry enhance the samples’ hydrophilicity. Moreover, improvements in the adhesion and proliferation of the MG-63 cells were observed.     

Y3+/Li+和Y3+/Na+双掺杂氟化钡快响应闪烁晶体

氟化钡(BaF₂)晶体是已知响应最快的闪烁晶体,在高能物理、核物理及核医学等领域有着广泛的应用前景。抑制BaF₂晶体的慢发光成分对其工程应用至关重要。本文利用坩埚下降法制备了高Y³⁺掺杂浓度5%、8%、10%(摩尔分数)的BaF₂晶体,并采用Y³⁺与碱金属离子(Li⁺、Na⁺)共掺杂的方法形成电荷补偿阻止间隙F^-的产生,制备了双掺杂型BaF₂快响应闪烁晶体,进而基于优化的5 ns和2 500 ns时间门宽测试方法,研究了Y³⁺掺杂浓度以及Y³⁺与碱金属离子(Li⁺、Na⁺)共掺杂浓度对BaF₂闪烁晶体快/慢成分比的影响规律。结果表明,生长的高浓度Y³⁺掺杂BaF₂晶体的光学质量优异,在220 nm和300 nm处透过率分别高于90%和92%;随着Y³⁺掺杂浓度由0提高至10%,BaF₂晶体的慢发光成分显著降低,快/慢成分比由0.15提高至1.21;生长的Y³⁺/Li⁺及Y³⁺/Na⁺共掺杂BaF₂晶体的慢发光成分较Y³⁺掺杂BaF₂晶体进一步降低,快/慢成分比最高分别可达1.63和1.61。研制的双掺杂BaF₂快响应闪烁晶体有望应用于高能物理、核物理前沿实验等重要领域。     

9-(4-溴丁基)-9H-咔唑的相转移催化合成、表征及室温磷光性能研究——推荐一个大学化学综合实验

推荐了一个大学化学综合实验"9-(4-溴丁基)-9H-咔唑的相转移催化合成、表征及室温磷光性能研究"。实验利用相转移催化合成9-(4-溴丁基)-9H-咔唑分子,采用核磁共振、高分辨质谱和红外光谱对其分子结构进行表征,并利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、稳态/瞬态荧光光谱和密度泛函(DFT)理论计算对其室温磷光性能进行研究。本综合实验涵盖了有机化学、分析化学、物理化学、仪器分析以及理论化学的知识点,建议纳入化学专业高年级综合实验课程。